Proposal for lipid MS nomenclature
From LipidomicsWiki
Contents |
Aim of MS nomenclature
MS lipid species nomenclature aims to add defined layers
of information above LipidMAPS nomenclature.
These layers should cover the structural information
provided by mass spectrometric analysis.
Fatty Acyls (FA)
Rules for Nomenclature
Lipid class abbreviations
- Fatty acid - FA
Examples
| Lipid class - common name | Lipid class - Lipid MAPS | Abbreviation | Chain type | Derived from mass | Double bond position/geometry verified |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatty acids | Fatty Acids and Conjugates (FA01) | FA | Straight chain | FA 20:4 | FA 20:4-c4,c8,c11,c14 |
| | | | Trans | FA 18:1 | FA 18:1-t9 |
| | | | Methyl branched | FA 16:0 4xMe | FA 16:0 3Me,7Me,11Me,15Me |
Glycerolipids (GL)
Rules for Nomenclature
- Lipid class:
- in capitals
- Fatty acids linked to the glycerol:
- Number of C-Atoms:Number of double bonds (acyl is assumed except other bond type is proven experimentally; see bond types)
- fatty acid combination analyzed:
- separator +: position of the fatty acids have not experimentally proven
- separator /: experimentally proven fatty acids positions
- fatty acid type:
- straight: no indicator
- hydroxy: -OH after double bond number
- Bond types:
- acyl bonds are assumed except other bond types are proven experimentally
- experimentally proven bond types (bond types are shown):
- bond types:
- a = alkyl
- c = acyl
- number of bond types
- m = mono
- d = di
- t = tri
- bond types:
Lipid class abbreviations
- Monoglycerides - MG
- Diglycerides - DG
- Triglycerides - TG
Examples
| Lipid class - common name | Lipid class - Lipid MAPS | Abbreviation | Bond type | MS scan (low resolution) | MS scan (exact mass) |
Fatty acid scan (proven FAs) | Fatty acid position
and bond type proven |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monoglycerides | Monoradylglycerols (GL01) | MG | acyl | MG 18:0 | MG c18:0 | MG c18:0 | MG 0:0/c18:0/0:0 |
| alkyl | MG 17:0 | MG a18:0 | MG a18:0 | MG 0:0/a18:0/0:0 | |||
| Diglycerides | Diradylglycerols (GL02) | DG | di-acyl | DG 34:1 | DG dc34:1 | DG c16:0+c18:1 | DG c16:0/c18:1/0:0 |
| alkyl-acyl | DG 33:1 | DG ac34:1 | DG a16:0+c18:1 | DG a16:0/c18:1/0:0 | |||
| Triglycerides | Triradylglycerols (GL03) | TG | tri-acyl | TG 52:2 | TG tc52:2 | TG c16:0+c18:1+c18:1 | TG c16:0/c18:1/c18:1 |
| alkyl-di-acyl | TG 51:2 | TG adc52:2 | TG a16:0+c18:1+c18:1 | TG a16:0/c18:1/c18:1 |
Glycerophospholipids (GP)
Rules for Nomenclature
- Lipid class:
- in capitals
- lysolipids are indicated with a leading L
- Fatty acids linked to the glycerol:
- Number of C-Atoms:Number of double bonds (acyl bonds are assumed except an other bond type is proven experimentally; see bond types)
- fatty acid combination analyzed:
- separator +: position of the fatty acids have not experimentally proven
- separator /: experimentally proven fatty acids positions
- fatty acid type:
- straight: no indicator
- hydroxy: -OH after double bond number
- lysolipids: fatty acid position is indicated in front of the bond type
- Bond types:
- acyl bonds are assumed except other bond type is proven experimentally
- experimentally proven bond types (bond types are shown):
- bond types:
- a = alkyl
- c = acyl
- p = plasmalogen (alkenyl/acyl)
- number of bond types
- m = mono
- d = di
- t = tri
- e = tetra
- bond types:
Lipid class abbreviations
- Bismonoacylglycerolphosphate - BMP
- Cardiolipin - CL
- Phosphatidic acid - PA
- Phosphatidylcholine - PC
- Phosphatidylethanolamine - PE
- Phosphatidylgylcerol - PG
- Phosphatidylinositol - PI
- Phosphatidylserine - PS
Examples
| Lipid class - common name | Lipid class - Lipid MAPS | Abbreviation | Bond type |
Head group scan (low resolution) |
LC based/Exact mass (proven bond type) |
Fatty acid scan (proven FAs and bond type) |
Fatty acid position and bond type proven |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bismonoacylglycerolphosphates | | BMP | di-acyl | BMP 34:2 | BMP dc34:2 | only sn-1 known | BMP c16:0/c18:2 |
| Cardiolipins | Glycerophosphoglycerophosphoglycerols (GP12) | CL | tetra-acyl | CL 72:8 | CL ec72:8 |
CL ec18:0+18:1+18:1+18:2 CL dc36:1+dc36:3 (known DAG fragments) | CL c18:0/c18:1 c18:1/c18:2 |
| Phosphatidic acids | Glycerophosphates (GP10) | PA | | | | | |
| Phosphatidylcholines | Glycerophosphocholines (GP01) | PC | diacyl | PC 34:1 | PC dc34:1 | PC c16:0+c18:1 | PC c16:0/c18:1 |
| | | | alkyl-acyl | PC 33:1 | PC ac34:1 | PC a16:0+c18:1 | PC a16:0/c18:1 |
| | | | dialkyl | PC 32:1 | PC aa34:1 | PC a16:0+c18:1 | PC a16:0/a18:1 |
| Phosphatidylethanolamines | Glycerophosphoethanolamines (GP02) | PE | diacyl | PE 34:1 | PE dc34:1 | PE c16:0+c18:1 | PE c16:0/c18:1 |
| | | | Plasmalogen | PE 33:2 | PE p33:2 | PE p16:0+18:1 | PE p16:0/18:1 |
| Phosphatidylgylcerols | Glycerophosphoglycerols (GP04) | PG | | | | | |
| Phosphatidylinositols | Glycerophosphoinositols (GP06) | PI | | | | | |
| Phosphatidylserines | Glycerophosphoserines (GP03) | PS | | | | | |
| Lysophosphatidic acids | Glycerophosphates (GP10) | LPA | | | | | |
| Lysophosphatidylcholines | Glycerophosphocholines (GP01) | LPC | mono-acyl | LPC 16:0 | LPC c16:0 | LPC c16:0 | LPC 1c16:0 |
| | | | mono-alkyl | LPC 15:0 | LPC a16:0 | LPC a16:0 | LPC 1a16:0 |
| Lysophosphatidylethanolamines | Glycerophosphoethanolamines (GP02) | LPE | | | | | |
| Lysophosphatidylgylcerols | Glycerophosphoglycerols (GP04) | LPG | | | | | |
| Lysophosphatidylinositols | Glycerophosphoinositols (GP06) | LPI | | | | | |
| Lysophosphatidylserines | Glycerophosphoserines (GP03) | LPS | | | | | |
Sphingolipids (SP)
Rules for Nomenclature
- Lipid class first
- Sphingoid back bone:
- if sphingoid backbone is not experimentally verified a sphingosine d18:1 backbone is assumed for calculations
- number of hydroxyl groups
- d - di
- t - tri
- number of carbons:number of double bonds
- N-linked fatty acid:
- number of carbons:number of double bonds
- straight: no indicator
- hydroxy: -OH after double bond number
Lipid class abbreviations
- Ceramide - Cer
- Ceramide-1-phosphate - Cer1P
- Sphingoid base - SPH
- Sphingoid base-1-phosphate - S1P
- Sphingomyelin SM
- Hexosylceramide - HexCer
- Glucosylceramide - GlcCer
- Galactosylceramide - GalCer
- Dihexosylceramide - DihexCer
- Lactosylceramide - LacCer
Examples
| Lipid class - common name | Lipid class - Lipid MAPS | Abbreviation | Sphingoid base | Head group scan |
Specific scan modes (proven sphingoid backbone and fatty acid) |
Glycosyl specific analysis (proven sugar moiety) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ceramides | Ceramides (SP02) | Cer | d18:1 | Cer 34:1 | Cer d18:1/16:0 | |
| | | | d18:0 | Cer 34:0 | Cer d18:0/16:0 | |
| | | | t18:0 | Cer t34:0 | Cer t18:0/16:0 | |
| Ceramide-1-phosphates | Ceramide 1-phosphates (SP0205) | Cer1P | d18:1 | Cer1P d34:1 | CerP d18:1/16:0 | |
| Hexosylceramides | Neutral glycosphingolipids (SP05) | HexCer | d18:1 | HexCer d34:1 | HexCer d18:1/16:0 | GlcCer d18:1/16:0 |
| | | | d18:1 | HexCer d34:1 | HexCer d18:1/16:0 | GalCer d18:1/16:0 |
| Dihexosylceramides | Neutral glycosphingolipids (SP05) | DihexCer | d18:1 | DihexCer d34:1 | DihexCer d18:1/16:0 | LacCer d18:1/16:0 |
| Sphingoid bases | Sphingoid bases (SP01) | SPH | d18:1 | | SPH d18:1 | |
| | | | d18:0 | | SPH d18:0 | |
| | | | t18:0 | | SPH t18:0 | |
| | | | d20:1 | | SPH d20:1 | |
| Sphingoid base-1-phosphates | Sphingoid bases (SP01) | S1P | d18:1 | | S1P d18:1 | |
| | | | d18:0 | | S1P d18:0 | |
| Sphingomyelins | Phosphosphingolipids (SP03) | SM | d18:1 | SM 34:1 | SM d18:1/16:0 | |
| | | | d18:0 | SM 34:0 | SM d18:0/16:0 | |
| | | | t18:0 | SM t34:0 | SM t18:0/16:0 | |
| | | | d20:1 | SM 44:2 | SM d20:1/24:1 | |
Sterols (ST)
Rules for Nomenclature
Lipid class abbreviations
- Free cholesterol - FC
- Cholesteryl ester - CE
- Bile acids - see below
Examples
| Lipid class - common name | Lipid class - Lipid MAPS | Abbreviation | Bond type | Head group scan | Fatty acid scan/LC based/exact mass |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Free cholesterol | LMST01010001 | FC | | ||
| Cholesteryl esters | Cholesteryl esters (ST0102) | CE | acyl | CE 18:1 | CE 18:1 |
| Bile acids | Bile acids and derivatives (ST04) | BA | | | |
| | Cholic acid | CA | | | |
| | Chenodeoxycholic acid | CDCA | | | |
| | Deoxycholic acid | DCA | | | |
| | Ursodeoxycholic acid | UDCA | | | |
| | Hyodeoxydeoxycholic acid | HDCA | | | |
| | Lithocholic acid | LCA | | | |
| | Glycochenodeoxycholic acid | GCDCA | | | |
| | Glycocholic acid | GCA | | | |
| | Glycodeoxycholic acid | GDCA | | | |
| | Glycoursodeoxycholic acid | GUDCA | | | |
| | Glycohyodeoxycholic acid | GHDCA | | | |
| | Glycolithodeoxycholic acid | GLCA | | | |
| | Taurocholic acid | TCA | | | |
| | Taurochenodeoxycholic acid | TCDCA | | | |
| | Taurodeoxycholic acid | TDCA | | | |
| | Tauroursodeoxycholic acid | TUDCA | | | |
| | Taurohyodeoxycholic acid | THDCA | | | |
| | Taurolithocholic acid | TLCA | | |
